Phase studies of Minerals

For phase studies we reproducing and maintain the conditions for many hours where petrological processes occur. The pressure, temperature depends on the location of the mineral system inside the earth and time depends on condition for achieving equilibrium. A walker-type multi-anvil apparatus is used for achieving pressure from 2.5 GPa to 25 GPa and temperature from room temperature to 2000 degree centigrade. A piston cylinder apparatus is used to achieve pressures ranging from 1 to 4GPa and  temperature ranging from 600 to 1500 degree centigrade. Whereas  hydrothermal systems are used to achieve pressures up to 4 Kbar with sensitivity of 0.1Kbar and temperatures up to 1000 degree centigrade.

Quenching Technique: In this technique we decrease the temperature of the mineral assemblage while keeping the pressure constant. The temperature decreases so quickly that all the phases present in the assemblage (Under high P-T condition) are arrested. These phase are then identified by Microscope, XRD and Electron Probe Micro Analyser.

Multi-Anvil Cell assembly for 12mm TEL

Experimental Setup for the measurement of Electrical Conductivity of minerals under high pressure and temperature using Multi-Anvil Apparatus.

Conductivity Measurement

For measurement of conductivity under upper mantle conditions we pressurize the sample using Multi-anvil apparatus and then measure conductivity after applying desired temperature. Conductivity is measured using Impedance analyzer at different frequencies.

Under High Pressure-Temperature condition.